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Ich or white spot disease is a common parasite in fish. Learn how to identify Ich and how to treat ich.
Updated on November 13th, 2025
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Pimafix is an acceptable "natural" antifungal treatment. Melafix is for bacterial infections. Kanamycin, erythromycin or metronidazole are good broad spectrum antibiotics. Fungus Cure (by API) is an excellent antifungal. You can find these medications in the aquarium section of most pet stores or even online. Follow label directions carefully and remove the carbon filter insert during treatment if indicated. The cornerstone of any treatment is to first maintain pristine water quality and stable chemistry.
Updated on August 12th, 2025
Non-iodized salt can be used as an immersion bath (short term) at 10-30 g/L for up to 30 minutes. Keep a close eye on the fish for stress or rapid respiration as some fish can only tolerate the higher dose for minutes. This can be repeated every 2-3 days. It is difficult to determine in the pictures whether this is a parasitic problem or not. Black areas can be the result of melanin pigments, a sign of trauma. A visit to a veterinarian acquainted with fish could perform a skin scrape and examine under the microscope for a diagnosis. Good luck.
Updated on August 12th, 2025
Gradually increase the water temp to about 80 F. This will speed up the lifecycle of the parasite. Once all the spots have dropped off the fish, you can use a commercial ich treatment. Look for one in the aquarium section of the local Petco. Follow label directions carefully. If you have just a few fish in the tank, you can remove them to a separate tank after the spots have dropped off. Leave the main tank empty for 4 days at 80 F. The ich parasite cannot survive without fish, so they will die. After 4 days, perform a partial water change, vacuum the substrate, wipe down tank furniture and return the water temp to normal. Acclimate the fish to water temp before returning them to the water.
Updated on August 12th, 2025
This may be a severe ich infection. It is an ectoparasite that can affect fish. You will need to treat the entire tank. You can use a commercial ich medication found in most pet stores. Follow label directions carefully. Quarantine new fish for 2-4 weeks before adding them to the main tank. Another option would be to gradually increase tank temp to 86 F and hold it there for 2 weeks. This will speed up the lifecycle of the parasite. Once all the spots have dropped off the fish, perform a partial water change, vacuum the substrate and sanitize any tank furniture. Afterwards, gradually decrease water temp back to normal for goldfish, between 65 F and 72 F. Plain aquarium salt (NOT table or Epsom salt) can be used at 1 tablespoon per 5 gallons of water to aid in treatment and recovery. Since goldfish are cold water fish, this method may be stressful to them. Consider adding in a bubble wand or air stones to increase oxygenation during this time period.
Updated on August 12th, 2025
The white fuzz may be Columnaris, an infection causing bacteria, or a fungal infection. It can be difficult to differentiate without microscopic examination. Either can be managed/treated via partial water changes, plain aquarium salt (NOT table salt) and medications. Partial water changes, no more than 20-30% daily, will stabilize chemistry and maintain or improve water quality. Use only aged or conditioned water that is temperature matched to prevent additional stress or shock. Aquarium salt can be used at 1 tablespoon per 5 gallons of water. Dissolve in a few cups of tank water and gradually pouyr it into the tank. Treat for 10-14 days then reasses the condition. When performing water changes, treat only the volume of water being replaced, not the entire tank volume. A methylene blue dip can be done daily. You can find it in the aquarium section of the local pet or fish store. A concentration of 50ppm is recommended. Do not add it to the main tank as it will turn everything b
Updated on August 12th, 2025