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Canine Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): Symptoms, Causes, Treatment
Conjunctivitis, Pink Eye
SUMMARY OF CONTENT
SEVERITY:
- Requires a diagnosis by a veterinarian.
- Resolves within days to weeks after treatment
- Treatable by a veterinarian or by the pet parent
- No known prevention
- Transmission may be possible between animals
- Diagnosis requires physical exam, ophthalmic exam
VERY COMMON IN
Symptoms & Signs
Dogs with conjunctivitis will have redness and enlarged blood vessels in the sclera (the white part of the eyeball). They may also have increased tearing, yellow or green mucoid eye discharge, squinting or light sensitivity, or elevation of the third eyelid. The eyelids may get stuck together if there is a large amount of dried eye discharge. The dog may rub their eyes with the front paws or may rub their face along carpet or other objects.
Diagnosis
Conjunctivitis is a simple diagnosis based on symptoms and the appearance of the eye; however, the cause of the conjunctivitis may be more difficult to diagnose. Diagnostic testing may include measuring tear production (Schirmer tear test), measuring the intraocular pressure (tonometry), and checking for defects in the cornea (fluorescein stain). If a foreign body is suspected, a topical solution is applied to numb the surface of the eye and a cotton tipped applicator is used to examine under both eyelids and the third eyelid. Additional testing may include culture, cytology, biopsy or allergy testing to determine the cause and provide an accurate treatment plan.
Causation
Conjunctivitis has a variety of causes, including allergies, bacterial or viral infection, keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS, chronic dry eye), uveitis, ophthalmic foreign body, and corneal ulcer or abrasion. Inflammation in the eye causes the blood vessels in the sclera (the white part of the eye) to increase in size which causes the red or pink appearance.
Treatments
AT-HOME CARE
Use a warm, wet washcloth to gently remove any eye discharge. Administer all medications as prescribed by your veterinarian. Limit exposure to bright lights or sunlight to ensure comfort during recovery. Conditions with the eye can be very serious, so you should always partner with your local veterinarian if you notice inflammation in one or both eyes of your pet.
SUPPORTIVE CARE
None
MEDICATIONS
Medications may vary depending on the cause of conjunctivitis. Often eye drops or ointments are prescribed; these may contain a combination of antibiotics, antifungals, and anti-inflammatories. Oral antibiotics or anti-inflammatories (steroids or NSAIDS) may be used to reduce inflammation. Eliminating any triggers of irritation may be necessary depending on the cause of the conjunctivitis.
DEVICES
An Elizabethan collar (e-collar or cone) may be used to prevent pawing or rubbing of the affected eye
SURGERY
Usually not necessary, but may be required if irritant involves an eyelid or eyelash abnormality.
SPECIALISTS
Most general practice veterinarians can diagnose and treat conjunctivitis. In rare cases, referral to a veterinary ophthalmologist may be recommended.
Cost Of Treatment
Most cases of conjunctivitis can be treated for under $500.
Recovery
Recovery may take one to two weeks. In general, treatment is continued for several days after the eye regains its normal appearance.
Monitoring
Monitor for signs of recurrence.
Prevention
No known prevention for most causes of conjunctivitis, with the exception of removing known irritants/allergens.
Disclaimer
The information contained on this page is for educational purposes only. Treatment should only be provided under the advice of a veterinarian who has examined your pet under the laws applicable to your state of residence.